Pile-fabric loom.



N. M. SHINN.

PILE FABRIC LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 4. 1913.

1,075,1 27, Patented Oct. 7, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

N. M. SHINN.

PILE FABRIC LOOM.

APPLIOATION FILED PEBA, 191a.

Patented 0011.7, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

' WITNESSES 416mm owmmmg A TTURAIEV COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH 50.. WASHINGTON. D. c,

UNIFIED STAE ATET FECE.

NATHANIEL MARCUS SHINN, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO ROBERT DORNAN AND THOMAS BENTON DORNAN, IBOTI-I OF PHILADELPHIA, PENN- SYLVANIA, COMPOSING THE FIRM Q35 DORNAN BROTHERS.

PILE-FABR-IG LOOM.

Application filed February 4., 1913.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, NATHANIEL MARCUS SHINN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Pile-Fabric Looms, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings, forming part thereof.

My invention relates to pile-fabric looms, such, for example, as are known as tapestry or velvet looms, in which no jacquard mechanism is employed, and the heddles are operated in sequence by cam or like mecha nisms.

An object of my invent-ion is to effect the weaving, in looms of this character, and without the necessity of employing particolored warp threads, of carpets or rugs with end borders or with comparatively simple designs.

A more particular object of my invention is to effect in the fabric being woven the interchange of position and function of pilewarp threads and stuffer-warp threads.

Other objects and advantages of my invention will hereinafter appear.

Commonly in looms of the kind to which my invention is applicable, the pile-warp threads and the stuffer-warp threads are controlled by heddles carried in a single heddle-frame and the heddle-eyes for the stuffer-warp threads are vertically elongated slots so that the stufier-warp threads will not be lifted to the same height as the pile-warp threads, which pass through round heddle-eyes, and the pile-warp threads will be raised sufficiently above the stufferwarp threads and binder-warp threads for the insertion of the usual pile wires beneath them. In these looms one set of threads continues to be pile-warp threads and another set of threads continues to be staffer-warp threads throughout the length of the fabric. My invention, by reason of its permitting the interchanging of the functions of the wap threads from pileforming to stu'fferand from stuffer to pileforming makes possible the weaving in these Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 7,1913.

Serial No. 746,162.

looms of a different colored border across the ends as well as'along the sides, of rugs or carpets; it also permits the weaving of certain comparatively simple patterns, such as transverse stripes, or rectangles.

In carrying out my invention in accordance with the embodiment thereof illustrated in the accompanying drawings, 1 employ a master heddle-controlling frame not itself provided with heddles, but on which are slidably mounted a plurality of heddle frames, each carrying a separate set of heddles and each set of heddles controlling a set of Warp-threads. With two of such slidably mounted heddle frames, either one may be permitted to slide on the master frame, while the other is locked thereto, and the set of warp threads carried by the locked heddle frame will be raised above the set carried by the sliding heddle frame, and in this way either of the sets of warp threads may be made pile-warp threads as desired, the other set becoming stuffer-warp threads.

I shall now describe the pile-fabric loom mechanism embodying my invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings and shall thereafter point out my invention in claims.

Figure l is a front elevation of the interchangeable warp heddle mechanism with portions omitted. Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the same as viewed from the right in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical section on a plane indicated by the line 38 of Fig. 1 as viewed fro-m the right. Fig. i is a front elevation and F ig. 5 a plan of a latch em ployed to lock either one of the loose hed dle frames to the masterframe. Figs. 6, 7 and 8 are diagrams of the local sheds and parts of the loom directly concerned therewith, Figs. 6 and 7 indicating the upper position of the interchangeable warp threads in their different relations, and Fig. 8 indicating the corresponding lower position of the two sets of interchangeable warp threads, which is always the same, regardless of which are the pile-forming and which the stuffer threads. Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic longitudinal section of pile-fabric and indicates the interchange of places between the two sets of warp threads from heddles, but each of the loose frames 1 and pile to staffer and staffer to pile effected by means of my invention.

In the illustrated embodiment of my invention, functionally interchangeable heddle frames 1 and 2, for the interchangeable warp threads, are shown as mounted for limited vertical sliding movement on a master heddle-controlling frame 3 by means of guide screws 1 and guide clips 5. The guide screws at, four in number, are carried by the master frame 3 and work in vertical slots in the heddle frames l and 2. The guide clips 5, of which there are two, are fixed in notches in the ends of the master frame 3 below the screws 1 and work in vertically elongated notches in the ends of the heddle frames 1 and 2.

Means are provided for locking either of the heddle frames 1 or 2 to the master frame 8 to move therewith, while leaving the other of these heddle frames free to vertically slide on the master frame within the limits permitted by the screw-receiving slots and the elongated clip-receiving notches hereinbefore described. A latch bar 6 has depending T-shaped latching ends which have freedom of movement in open notches in the upper edge of the master frame and which at their end portions are adapted to enter and engage in L-shaped notches or bayonet slots in the upper edges of the heddle frames 1 and 2. These L-shaped notches or bayonet slots are reversely arranged in the two heddle frames so that when the latching ends of the latch bar 6 become fully engaged under the overhang of the latch-receiving notches in one of the heddle frames, they will pass from under and disengage the corresponding overhang on the other heddle frame, and thus, while one of the heddle frames 1 or 2 will be locked to the master frame 3 in the elevated position thereon to move therewith, the other heddle frame will be free to drop below the locked heddle frame. A handle lever 7 is shown for moving the latch bar 6t0 the position desired, this lever being pivoted near its middle on a small standard 8 secured to the master frame 3 and being bifurcated at its lower end for engagement with a pin on the latch bar 6. By shifting thelever 7 when the heddle frames 1 and 2 are in their lowermost positions on the master frame 3, either one of the heddle frames 1 or 2 may be locked to the master frame 3 and the other released. The heddles of the heddle frame 1 control one set of interchangeable warp threads 13 sup plied from a beam 17 and the heddles of the heddle frame 2 control the other set of interchangeable warp threads 15 supplied from aloeam 18.

The master frame 3 is not provided with 2 is provided with usual heddles 9 extending between usual parallel heddle-supporting bars 10. It is to be noted that the heddles 9 are provided only with ordinary round heddle-eyes and not with slotted or elongated eyes or loops.

The heddle mechanism of my invention,

'of course, forms a part of the harness of the loom. The harness connections for opcrating the hereinbefore described heddle mechanism are made to the master frame 3. ,The master frame 3 is shown as provided at the top with ears 11 (which, of course, may be duplicated at the bottom if required by the loom construction). Heddle-operating rods 12 are pivoted to the ears 11, and these rods may be actuated by means of any suitable mechanism, such, for eX ample, as the usual levers and cams com monly employed on looms of the kind to which my invention is applicable. In fact, all other parts of the loom, outside of my improved heddle mechanism for controlling the interchangeable threads, may be of the usual or of any suitable construction.

The operation of my improved heddle mechanism may be best understood by referring more particularly to the diagrams Figs. 6 to 9, inclusive. In Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 6, the heddle frame 1 is shown as locked to the master frame 3, so as to be carried upward to the maximum extent therewith; and the other heddle frame 2 is shown as free to slide on the master frame 3, so that it will not be carried so high as the heddle frame 1. In this arrangement of the parts, when the master frame 3 is moved upward to produce the pile-forming shed, the heddle-eyes of the heddles carried by the heddle frame-1 will raise the warp threads 13 carried thereby high enough to permit the introduction of the usual pile-wire 1 1 (Fig. 6) but the heddle-eyes of the heddles carried by the sliding heddle frame 2 will. raise the warp threads 15 carried thereby only high enough to provide for the passage of the usual shuttle 16. It will be seen that, in this arrangement of the parts, the warp threads 13, controlled by the locked heddle frame 1, constitute the pile-warp threads of the fabric, while the warp threads 15,

controlled by the sliding heddle frame 2,

constitute the stufier-warp threads, as clearly appears in Fig. 6 and at the left in Fig. 9. When the master frame 3 descends, the heddle frame 2 will slide on the master frame and both heddle frames 1 and 2 and their heddle-eyes will be brought down to the same level so that the shuttle 16 will pass over both the warp threads 13 and 15, as indicated in Fig. 8.

In Fig. 7 and at the right in Fig. 9 are shown the results of locking the heddle frame 2 to the master frame 3, while leaving the other heddle frame 1 free to slide on the master frame. In this arrangement of the parts, the movement of the master frame 3 to its upper position, indicated in Fig. 7, will raise the heddle frame 2 and the warp threads 15 carried in the heddleeyes thereof to the upper position, making these threads now pile-forming warp threads which were, as formerly described, stuifer-warp threads, while the warp threads 13, which were formerly the pile-Warp threads, will now become the stuffer-warp threads, by reason of the fact that the sliding of the heddle frame 1 on the master frame 3 will only raise the threads 13 to a height sufficient for this purpose, as indicated in Fig. 7. I Vhen the master frame 3 descends, the heddle frames 1 and 2 and their heddle-eyes will be brought down to the same level as in the first instance and as is indicated in Fig. 8.

To make clear the forming of the sheds and the relation of the interchangeable pilewarp and stuffer-warp threads 13 and 15 to each other and to the fabric, the binder-warp threads and their heddle frames are indicated by broken lines in Figs. 6, 7 and 8, and the binder-warp beam is also indicated in these figures. The arrangement of the bin derwarp threads in the fabric may, of course, be anything desired, and a usual simple arrangement of the binder-warp is indicated in broken lines in Fig. 9, in which the weft threads are also indicated in section. The changing of places in the fabric of the warp threads 13 and 15, to form in the same piece of fabric either pile or stufi'er, as effected by my invention, clearly appears in Fig. 9.

It will be noted that the objects of my invention, stated at the beginning of this specification, can be readily accomplished. For example, to weave a rug with end borders and contrasting body and border, the interchangeable Warp threads for the longitudinal border should be alike, while for the body the two contrasting threads of body and border should be tied in. When an end border is to be woven, the handle lever is shifted, and the warp threads of the body part of the fabric corresponding to the longitudinal border are changed from stuffers to pile-threads, and the body pile-threads changed to stuifers, while the longitudinal border interchangeable warp threads, being both alike, will continue to form the border effect.

It is obvious that various modifications may be made in the construction illustrated in the drawings and hereinbefore described within the principle and scope of my invention.

I claim 1, In combination, in a pile-fabric loom,

means combined directly with the heddle mechanism for changing the relationship of two sets of warp threads so that either set may become pile-forming threads and the other set will become stuffer threads, and harness connections in common for both sets of warp threads.

2. In combination, in a pile-fabric loom having a heddle-controlling frame controlling two sets of warp threads, means cooperative with such frame for changing the relationship of the two sets of warp threads so that either set may become pile-forming threads and the other set stuffer threads.

3. In combination, in a pile-fabric loom, two heddle frames and sets of heddles, each controlling a set of warp threads, harness connections in common for these two heddle frames, and means for interchangeably shifting the relationship of such heddle frames relatively to the harness connections to interchange the functions of the heddle frames and of the threads controlled by them so that the threads of one set become pile-forming threads and the threads of the other set become stuffer threads, and vice versa.

4. In combination, in a pile-fabric loom, a master heddle-controlling frame, a plural ity of heddle frames movably mounted on the master frame, heddles carried thereby, and means for separately locking such heddle frames against movement relatively to the master frame.

5. In combination, in a pile-fabric loom, a master heddle-controlling frame, two heddle frames movably mounted on the master frame, heddles carried thereby, and means for locking either one of the heddle frames against movement relatively to the master frame.

6. In combination, in a pile-fabric loom, a master heddle-controlling frame, two heddle frames mounted for limited sliding movement on the master frame, heddles carried by the heddle frames, means for locking either of the heddle frames to the master frame while permitting the other heddle frame to slide on the master frame, and harness connections attached to the master frame for actuating the heddles.

7. In a pile-fabric loom, a master heddlecontrolling frame, two heddle frames mounted for limited movement on the master frame, heddles carried thereby, means for restraining the movement of one of the master frame, heddies carried thereby, a I; In testimony whereof I have affixed my latch engagesble with either of the heddle signature in presence of two Witnesses. frames to lock it to the master frame While permitting the other heddle frame to freely NATHANIEL MARCUS SHINN' slide on the master frame, zinc heddle-oper- -Witnesses: siting harness connections attached to the GEORGE WV. GOLDEN,

master frame. i JOHN H. YARNALL.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each. by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

